Many real-world programs operate in complex environments where isolating impact is difficult. In these cases, we conduct contribution analysis to assess whether observed changes are plausibly linked to program activities.
This involves triangulating qualitative and quantitative data, examining stakeholder perceptions, and ruling out alternative explanations.
Contribution analysis doesn’t rely on counterfactuals but focuses on evidence coherence. This is particularly valuable in humanitarian, governance, or rights-based programs where change is collective and diffuse.
